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478 lines
16 KiB
478 lines
16 KiB
{% extends "front/base_docs.html" %}
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{% load hc_extras %}
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{% block title %}Cron Syntax Cheatsheet - {% site_name %}{% endblock %}
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{% block description %}
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<meta name="description" content="Visual examples of main Cron syntax features: numeric values, commas, ranges, ranges with step, day and month names.">
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{% endblock %}
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{% block keywords %}
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<meta name="keywords" content="cron syntax, crontab syntax, cron howto, cron tutorial, cron jobs, cron job example, monitor cron jobs">
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{% endblock %}
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{% block docs_content %}
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<h2>Cron Syntax Cheatsheet</h2>
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<p>
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{% site_name %} understands most of the traditional cron syntax features.
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Under the hood, it uses the
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<a href="https://github.com/taichino/croniter">croniter package</a>
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to parse and interpret cron expressions. Below is a showcase of
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supported syntax features.
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</p>
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<p>
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<strong>Pro-tip!</strong>
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On Unix-like operating systems, you can also easily access cron syntax
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documentation by typing <code>man 5 crontab</code> in shell.
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</p>
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<br />
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<div id="cron-examples">
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<div class="panel panel-default">
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<div class="panel-heading">
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<h3 class="panel-title">Basics</h3>
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</div>
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<div class="panel-body">
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<p>A cron expression has five fields, separated by spaces.
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Asterisk is a wild card character and means "any value".
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</p>
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<div class="desc">"Run every minute"</div>
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<table class="cron-example">
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<tr>
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<th><div>* <span></span></div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td rowspan="5">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="4">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="3">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="2">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td>Day of week, 0 - 7, 0 or 7 is Sun</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2">
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Month, 1 - 12
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="3">
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Day of month, 1 - 31
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="4">
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Hour of day, 0 - 23
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="5">
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Minute, 0 - 59
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default">
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<div class="panel-heading">
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<h3 class="panel-title">Numeric values</h3>
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</div>
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<div class="panel-body">
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<p>Use numeric values instead of asterisks to match specific
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minutes, hours, days and months.
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</p>
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<div class="desc">"Run at 6PM on Fridays"</div>
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<table class="cron-example">
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<tr>
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<th><div>0 <span></span></div></th>
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<th><div>18</div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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<th><div>5</div></th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td rowspan="5">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="4">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="3">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="2">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td>Run only on Fridays</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2" class="minor">
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Run every month of the year
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="3" class="minor">
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Run every day of the month
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="4">
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Run at 6PM
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="5">
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Run at the start of the hour
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default">
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<div class="panel-heading">
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<h3 class="panel-title">Commas</h3>
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</div>
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<div class="panel-body">
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<p>Use <code>{v1},{v2},...,{vn}</code> to list multiple values.</p>
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<div class="desc">"Run at 9AM, 12PM and 6PM every day"</div>
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<table class="cron-example">
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<tr>
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<th><div>0 <span></span></div></th>
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<th><div>9,12,18</div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td rowspan="5">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="4">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="3">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="2">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td class="minor">Run on every weekday</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2" class="minor">
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Run every month of the year
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="3" class="minor">
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Run every day of the month
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="4">
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Run at 9AM, 12PM and 6PM
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="5">
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Run at the start of the hour
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default">
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<div class="panel-heading">
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<h3 class="panel-title">Ranges of values</h3>
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</div>
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<div class="panel-body">
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<p>Use <code>{start}-{end}</code> to define a range of matching values.</p>
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<div class="desc">"Run every minute on workdays"</div>
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<table class="cron-example">
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<tr>
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<th><div>* <span></span></div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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<th><div>1-5</div></th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td rowspan="5">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="4">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="3">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="2">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td>Run on Monday to Friday</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2" class="minor">
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Run every month of the year
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="3" class="minor">
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Run every day of the month
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="4" class="minor">
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Run every hour of the day
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="5" class="minor">
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Run every minute of the hour
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default">
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<div class="panel-heading">
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<h3 class="panel-title">Ranges with a step</h3>
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</div>
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<div class="panel-body">
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<p>Use <code>{start}-{end}/{step}</code> or <code>*/{step}</code>
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to define a range with a step.</p>
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<div class="desc">"Run every quarter of an hour"</div>
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<table class="cron-example">
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<tr>
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<th><div>*/15 <span></span></div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td rowspan="5">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="4">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="3">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="2">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td class="minor">Run on every weekday</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2" class="minor">
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Run every month of the year
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="3" class="minor">
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Run every day of the month
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="4" class="minor">
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Run every hour of the day
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="5">
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Run every 15 minutes
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default">
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<div class="panel-heading">
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<h3 class="panel-title">Combine numeric values and ranges in lists</h3>
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</div>
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<div class="panel-body">
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<p>In the comma-separated lists you can combine not only
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numeric values but also ranges.</p>
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<div class="desc">"Run every round hour outside office hours"</div>
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<table class="cron-example">
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<tr>
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<th><div>0 <span></span></div></th>
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<th><div>18-23,0-8</div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td rowspan="5">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="4">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="3">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="2">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td class="minor">Run on every weekday</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2" class="minor">
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Run every month of the year
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="3" class="minor">
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Run every day of the month
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="4">
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Run at 6PM, 7PM, 8PM, ..., 7AM, 8AM
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="5">
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Run at the start of the hour
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default">
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<div class="panel-heading">
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<h3 class="panel-title">Abbreviated day and month names</h3>
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</div>
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<div class="panel-body">
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<p><code>JAN-DEC</code> can be used in the month field
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and
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<code>MON-SUN</code> in the weekday field.
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</p>
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<div class="desc">"Run every round hour on April 1st"</div>
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<table class="cron-example">
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<tr>
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<th><div>0 <span></span></div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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<th><div>1</div></th>
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<th><div>APR</div></th>
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<th><div>*</div></th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td rowspan="5">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="4">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="3">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td rowspan="2">
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div class="guide"></div>
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</td>
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<td class="minor">Run on every weekday</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2">
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Run in April
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="3">
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Run on the first day of the month
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="4" class="minor">
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Run every hour of the day
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="5">
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Run at the start of the hour
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel panel-default">
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<div class="panel-heading">
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<h3 class="panel-title">Timezones</h3>
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</div>
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<div class="panel-body">
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<p>
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Cron daemon uses server's <strong>local time</strong>.
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If your server's timezone is other than UTC, make sure
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to set a matching timezone for your check
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on {% site_name %} as well.
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</p>
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<p>On Ubuntu systems you can check the server's timezone
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with:</p>
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<pre>cat /etc/timezone</pre>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div> <!-- cron examples -->
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{% endblock %}
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